What behaviors are typically observed during manic episodes?

During manic episodes, individuals often exhibit grandiosity, which involves an inflated sense of self-esteem, confidence, or importance. This can manifest in various ways, such as having unrealistic beliefs about one’s capabilities or engaging in behavior that reflects this heightened self-regard. Additionally, people experiencing mania typically show a decreased need for sleep, finding themselves feeling rested after just a few hours of sleep, or even functioning effectively without sleep at all. These behaviors contribute significantly to the manic state and distinguish it from other emotional or mood episodes.

In contrast, extreme fatigue and lack of motivation, consistent pessimism and dullness, as well as prolonged periods of calmness and relaxation are not characteristics of manic episodes but rather indicative of depressive states or other mood disturbances. Therefore, option B accurately encapsulates the hallmark features of mania, making it the correct answer.