What was the primary goal of establishing a separate juvenile justice system in the United States?

The primary goal of establishing a separate juvenile justice system in the United States was to divert youthful offenders from destructive punishments. This system emphasizes rehabilitation and guidance rather than punishment, recognizing that young individuals are still developing both cognitively and emotionally. The belief is that youth are more amenable to change and can benefit from interventions that address their specific needs rather than facing the harsh consequences often found in adult criminal justice systems.

This approach is rooted in the understanding that the juvenile system should focus on helping young offenders reintegrate into society, rather than merely inflicting punishment. It aims to provide support, education, and resources, enabling youth to learn from their mistakes and avoid future criminal behavior.

The other options focus on punitive measures or adult crime rates, which do not align with the core philosophy that underpins the juvenile justice system, that is, the priority of rehabilitation and preventing recidivism among young offenders.