Which situation justifies a warrantless search based on exigent circumstances?

A warrantless search based on exigent circumstances is justified primarily when there is an imminent danger to life or the likelihood of evidence being destroyed. This principle is rooted in the understanding that certain situations require immediate action by law enforcement to prevent harm or preserve evidence.

In the context of the correct answer, if officers are faced with a situation where they believe that immediate action is necessary—perhaps a suspect is about to destroy evidence, or someone is in danger—the law permits them to conduct a search without a warrant. This urgent need outweighs the usual requirement for warrants, which are meant to protect individuals’ rights and privacy.

The other scenarios provided do not meet the severity or immediacy required for exigent circumstances. For instance, merely having a crowd nearby or signs of criminal activity might raise suspicions but do not, by themselves, constitute the urgent need for a warrantless search. Reasonable suspicion of a crime, while it may prompt police investigation, does not justify bypassing the warrant requirement unless it is coupled with imminent risks or destruction of evidence.